wolf distribution map europe

[31] From these findings, the researchers concluded that wolves are still present across all parts of continental China. [55] No compensation is paid for livestock damage. Find local businesses, view maps and get driving directions in Google Maps. The debate over the management of wolf populations has raged across Europe in recent years. During the Holocene, the Tsugaru Strait widened and isolated Honshu from Hokkaido, thus causing climatic changes leading to the extinction of most large-bodied ungulates inhabiting the archipelago. The wolf's radio collar showed that it had come from Germany through the Netherlands, and that it had covered 500 km in just 10 days. As the island was cleared for settlement, the gray wolf population may have been extirpated, or relocated to the mainland across the winter ice: the few subsequent wolf reports date from the mid-19th century and describe the creatures as transient visitors from across the Northumberland Strait. This applies equally to the Belarusian part of the zone. Zoological Research, 37(6): 317-328. [12] Wolves have also been sighted denning 25 miles from Rome, with one small population living in the regional park of Castelli Romani. Did you know? [5] The population is connected to the large Russian wolf population. [60], Czech Republic has a stable and protected population of 20 wolves, though there are no livestock damage compensation programmes. [17] In 2007, there were around 200 wolves in 36 packs roaming in Germany, most of them in the eastern German region of Lusatia. And Italy is proportionally more mountainous than France. Wolves in the eastern Balkans benefitted from the region's contiguity with the former Soviet Union and large areas of plains, mountains and farmlands. Populations are decreasing due to hunting from farmers. On July 18, 2008, a federal judge ruled in favor of renewed endangered species protection. [47], In Alaska, the gray wolf population is estimated at 6,000–7,000, and can be legally harvested during hunting and trapping seasons, with bag limits and other restrictions. 9, 5. maj 1988-imeersoq", "Wolf population growing especially in western Finland, 25% more packs than last year", Varg i Skandinavien och Finland: Slutrapport frÃ¥n inventering av varg vintern 2012–2013, "Ile jest faktycznie wilków w Polsce i czy stanowią zagrożenie? Wolf - populations in Europe.png. [35], In 2017, a comprehensive study found that the gray wolf was present across all of mainland China, both in the past and today. The species is now extirpated (made locally extinct) in much of Western Europe (including the British Isles), Japan, most of Mexico, and much of the contiguous United States. It has been estimated that there are about 300 wolves in approximately 60,000 km2 (23,000 sq mi) of Jammu and Kashmir in northern India, and 50 more in Himachal Pradesh. Wolf distribution in Europe around 2010. Organized persecution of wolves began in Yugoslavia in 1923, with the setting up of the Wolf Extermination Committee (WEC) in Kočevje, Slovenia. By 2013 the 250 wolves in the Western Alps imposed a significant burden on traditional sheep and goat husbandry with a loss of over 5,000 animals in 2012. [28], Wolves in Japan were extirpated during the Meiji restoration period, in a campaign known as ōkami no kujo. Wolves managed to survive in the forests of Braemar and Sutherland until 1684. (2014): Recovery of large carnivores in Europes´s modern human-dominated landscapes. As of 2020, the total number of Swedish and Norwegian wolves is estimated to be 450. in 2016, found museum specimens from wolves from across China, in 13 provinces, including several in southern China - two specimens sampled from two southern Chinese provinces (Zhejiang and Fujian) in 1974, and one from southern Yunnan in 1985. No livestock damage compensation is paid. [3][4], Portugal has a stable wolf population of 200–300, which is afforded full protection. The species is now extirpated (made locally extinct) in much of Western Europe (including the British Isles), Japan, most of Mexico, and much of the contiguous United States. Wolf numbers have declined in Bosnia and Herzegovina since 1986, while the species is fully protected in neighbouring Croatia and Slovenia. However, deliberate human persecution has reduced the species' range to about one-third, because of livestock predation and fear of wolf attacks on humans. Dark blue cells indicate areas of permanent occurrence, and light blue cells indicate areas of sporadic occurrence. Wolves lasted longer in Scotland, where they sheltered in vast tracts of forest, which were subsequently burned down. Mongolian populations have been estimated at 10,000–30,000, while the status of wolves in China is more fragmentary. These canines are social beings, organized in family units called packs. As of 2002, there are 250 wolves in 28 packs in Yellowstone, and 260 wolves in 25 packs in Idaho. There are some local extinctions especially in the western parts of Turkey and the wolf population is declining in Turkey as a whole. Elsewhere, it can be hunted year-round by Bedouins. [77] In the winter of 2015 the government of British Columbia began undertaking a cull of up to 184 wolves in an effort to combat dwindling caribou populations in the South Selkirk Mountains and the South Peace region. [91] In 1995, wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. Will shoot wolves from helicopter to protect dwindling caribou | CBC News", "Bonavista, N.L., 'coyote' was really wolf, tests confirm | CBC News", "U.S. The bears are the most abundant large carnivore in Europe with around 17,000 individuals, alongside 12,000 wolves, 9,000 Eurasian lynx and 1,250 wolverines, which are … Wolves in Finland are protected only in the southern third of the country, and can be hunted in other areas during specific seasons,[8] though poaching remains common, with 90% of young wolf deaths being due to human predation, and the number of wolves killed exceeds the number of hunting licenses, in some areas by a factor of two. Although hundreds of Iberian wolves are illegally killed annually, the population has expanded south across the river Duero and east to the Asturias and Pyrenees Mountains. [15][16] In 2016, a female wolf tracked 550 kilometers from a region southwest of Berlin to settle in Jutland, Denmark where male wolves had been reported in 2012 for the first time in 200 years. No compensation is paid for livestock damage. [5], Lebanon has a population of about 50 wolves. [91], The wolf has been extirpated from Mexico since the 1970s when the U.S. and Mexican governments cooperated to capture all remaining wild Mexican wolves and initiate a captive-breeding program in an attempt to save the local subspecies. [93], In northeast Oregon, also in July 2008, wolf howls were heard by biologists who identified at least 2 adults and 2 pups. Japanese wolves likely underwent a process of island dwarfism 7,000–13,000 years ago in response to these climatological and ecological pressures. [31] Wolves were recorded in South China (in Yunnan province) as late as 2011, and in the two southernmost provinces (Guangdong and Guangxi) in the year of 2000. ISBN 9788874131433. Considered as a whole, however, the grey wolf is regarded as being of least concern for extinction according to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. [5], Greece has a population of approximately 1,020 wolves, which are legally protected. Media in category "Canis lupus distribution maps" The following 92 files are in this category, out of 92 total. [5] Swiss authorities gave permission to shoot eight wolves between the years 2000 and 2013. [100], As of 2014[update], the Northwestern United States, with the exception of Alaska, has an estimated population of 1,802 wolves. The species has become extinct in some areas of the USA, Mexico, and Western Europe. [30], Gray wolves had a wide historic range in China encompassing nearly all of mainland China, including southern China. [23] By 2020, Germany's total wolf population had grown to about 128 packs, most of them living in Brandenburg, Saxony and Lower Saxony. [8], In 1978, wolves began recolonising central Sweden after a 12-year absence, and have since expanded into southern Norway. The extirpation of wolves in Bulgaria was relatively recent, as a previous population of about 1,000 animals in 1955 was reduced to about 100–200 in 1964. [24] Under German law wolves are a protected species; in several regions livestock damage compensation programs exist. [1], Wolf populations strongly declined across Europe during the 18th and 19th centuries largely due to human persecution, and by the End of World War II in Europe they had been extirpated from all of Central Europe and almost all of Northern Europe. More information. The Indian Grey wolf (Canis lupus pallipes) is known to be distributed in the vast areas of the Indian subcontinent. [11] The gray wolf is protected in Sweden but with an 12% annual rate of poaching,[12] and partially controlled in Norway. [5], Spain's wolf population is estimated at 2,000–3,000 and growing. The Northwest Territories, Nunavut and Yukon have 5,000 wolves each, British Columbia has 8,500 wolves,[77] Alberta 4,200, Saskatchewan 4,300, Manitoba 4,000-6,000, Ontario 9,000, Quebec 5,000 and Labrador 2,000. California Department of Fish and Wildlife, 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T3746A119623865.en, "Ch 3.4 – Population genetics of wolves (, Animals in the Third Reich: Pets, Scapegoats, and the Holocaust, "As Wolves Return to French Alps, a Way of Life Is Threatened", "Poaching-related disappearance rate of wolves in Sweden was positively related to population size and negatively to legal culling", "Susien määrä yllättäen vähentynyt", "Denmark Has A Wild Wolf Pack For The First Time In 200 Years", "Wolves Are Breeding In Austria For First Time Since 1882", "Wolves close in on Berlin after more than a century", "Raubtiere: In Deutschland leben 46 Wolfsrudel", "Arabian wolf distribution update from Saudi Arabia", "An Interview with Ozgun Emre Can on the Wolves in Turkey", "The geographical distribution of grey wolves (, "Reconsidering the distribution of gray wolves", "Genomic Approaches Reveal an Endemic Subpopulation of Gray Wolves in Southern China", "An Analysis of the Historical Records for the Native Mammalian Fauna of Prince Edward Island", "OR7, the wandering wolf, looks for love in all the right places", The Reintroduction of Gray Wolves to Yellowstone National Park and Central Idaho: Final Environmental Impact Report, "2013-03-27 AWA News Release: Alberta Government has Lost Control of Wolf Management", "Killing Wolves: A Product of Alberta's Big Oil and Gas Boom", "Wolf Week Spotlight: The Endangered Red Wolf", Wolf Management Update California Department of Fish and Wildlife April - June 2019, "CALIFORNIA'S KNOWN WOLVES – PAST AND PRESENT", Scientists Say First Wolf Found Near Yosemite for Century a 'Beacon of Hope', https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wolf_distribution&oldid=1010056840, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Articles with Finnish-language sources (fi), Wikipedia articles in need of updating from December 2018, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 3 March 2021, at 16:12. Lu WANG, Ya-Ping MA, Qi-Jun ZHOU, Ya-Ping ZHANG, Peter SAVOLAIMEN, Guo-Dong WANG. A small wolf population occurs in the Golan Heights, and is well protected by the military activities there. The WEC was successful in reducing wolf numbers in the Dinaric Alps. [5], Belarus is home to a population of 1,500–2,000 wolves. The Swedish Environmental Protection Agency states that a minimum of 300 wolves is necessary in order to keep a genetic diversity that ensures long-term sustainability. [5], Mongolia has a stable population of 10,000–20,000 wolves, which are given no legal protection, nor is livestock damage compensation paid. [13][14] Since 2011, the Netherlands, Belgium and Denmark have also reported wolf sightings presumably by natural migration from adjacent countries. Left: Map representing the distribution of sites in the Americas where dire wolf remains have been identified. The maps are copyrighted by the original author(s) Map > click to open . [citation needed], Iraq has a stable population of around 115 wolves; no livestock compensation is paid. In modern history, the gray wolf occurs mostly in wilderness and remote areas, particularly in Canada, Alaska, the Northern United States, Europe and Asia from about the 75th parallel north to the 12th parallel north. [49] Wolves are legally hunted only in areas with high reindeer densities. Wolf evolution EN.svg. Their population is concentrated in two autonomous communities: around 700 in Galicia[6] and 1,600 in Castille and León. wolf population, with joint assessment of population size and a transboundary distribution map. [49] In April 2019, the first wolf pups were born in California. Despite these threats, because of the gray wolf's relatively widespread range and stable population, it is classified as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List. [2], Europe as of 2014 – excluding Russia, Belarus and Ukraine – has 12,000 wolves in over 28 countries. Goldthorpe G. 2016. By the 1920s, wolf eradication remained a priority in the NWP and Awadh. The meetings should also be used to review and refine the standards, taking into account the expected increase in population size and concomitant increase in range. [88][89] On December 19, 2014, all wolves in states of Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota became protected again under the U.S. Most some sheep don’t need much water, a fact that makes them a perfect livestock for the scarce regions of the world. [5], Slovakia has a stable population of 350-400 wolves, which are considered a game species, though with some exceptions. In the east, its range overlaps with populations in Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, and Slovakia. [46] In 2018, it was estimated that the total population of Greenland wolves was about 200, but with significant uncertainty due to their very remote range. Competition with humans for livestock and game species, concerns over the danger posed by wolves to people, and habitat fragmentation pose a continued threat to the species. [33] The mountains of Turkey have served as a refuge for the few wolves remaining in Syria. [52] At rough scale the distribution range includes the whole country. [20] In October 2014 Lower Saxony already had a wolf population of circa 50 animals: 5 packs, all with confirmed pups in 2014, 2 confirmed mated pairs and one territorial unpaired female. Kaczensky et al. The population increased again by 1980 to about 75,000, with 32,000 being killed in 1979. [16], Germany's wolves were first spotted in 1998, and are thought to have migrated from western Poland. [3] A wolf bounty was introduced in Sweden in 1647, after the extirpation of moose and reindeer forced wolves to feed on livestock. [83] 2013. [5] Italy's leading wolf biologist, professor Luigi Boitani of the Sapienza University of Rome, expressed concern that the Italian wolf recovery may have been too successful, due to a large portion of the public refusing to concede to the possibility of rising wolf populations requiring management in the future. [21] The gray wolf is protected in Slovakia, though an exception is made for wolves killing livestock. Under the Berne Convention, wolves are listed as an endangered species and killing them is illegal. Wolf population declines have been arrested since the 1970s, and have fostered recolonization and reintroduction in parts of its former range, due to legal protection, changes in land-use and rural human population shifts to cities. According to documented data, man-eating (not rabid) wolves killed 111 people in Estonia in the years from 1804 to 1853, 108 of them were children, two men and one woman. A southern relict population has survived in Andalusia, although contrary to the populations in the northwest and centre of the country, it is not doing well. [84] There were at least 42 wild Mexican wolves in the southwest United States in 2008. [37] Wolves are hunted in Sweden, with an aim to keep a sustainable population. [21][22] By August 2020 the number of packs in Lower Saxony had already risen to 35. Close. Explore this section for details on wolf populations around the world. No livestock damage compensation is paid. [5] Many of the wolves live in the Zone of alienation north of Chernobyl, where they face few natural threats. [citation needed], Croatia has a stable population of around 200 wolves. Usually, however, wolves in the United States are mostly seen during the winter months in northern Minnesota, northern Wisconsin, Michigan's Upper Peninsula, and portions of Washington, Idaho, northern Oregon, northwest Wyoming, and Montana, as the majority of wolf populations migrate from Canada to the Northwestern states & some of the Midwestern and Great Lakes States during the winter months for the competition over eating bison, elk, white tailed deer and other large ungulates, disputed between other carnivores such as grizzly bear, cougar, and coyote. The decline in North American wolf populations was reversed from the 1930s to the early 1950s, particularly in southwestern Canada, because of expanding ungulate populations resulting from improved regulation of big game hunting. [39] While Lohr and Ballard postulated that the gray wolf had never been present on Prince Edward Island,[40][41]:392 analysis of references to the island's native fauna in unpublished and published historical records has found that gray wolves were resident there at the time of the first French settlement in 1720. 2 forward facing arrows. [5], Bosnia and Herzegovina is thought to have a population of 400 wolves, though they are decreasing in number and are afforded no legal protection. [31], Switzerland's one wolf pack is in the Calanda mountain and there are several lone wolves. Wolves were extirpated in Slovakia during the first decade of the 20th century and, by the mid-20th century, could only be found in a few forested areas in eastern Poland. The wolf population from southern China is believed to be still existing in that region. Also, as wolf and dog mating seasons do not fully coincide, the likelihood of wild wolves and dogs mating and producing surviving offspring is small. Conflicts with humans and fears originating from religious beliefs, myths and folklore influenced human attitudes towards wolves and, as a result, wolves have been persecuted for hundreds of years. [66] On the other hand, in more populated regions of Central and Southern Russia the number of wolves is very small. The wolf in Eurasia - a regional approach to the conservation and management of a top predator in Central Asia and the South Caucasus. [14] Compensation is paid for livestock losses. [citation needed], Turkmenistan has a stable population of 1,000 wolves, which are unprotected. 2008. Although present in Nepal and Bhutan, there is no information on wolves occurring there. By the start of the 20th century, the species had almost disappeared from the eastern U.S., excepting some areas of the Appalachians and the northwestern Great Lakes Region. Europe | International Wolf Center. They are ruminants, so they need spacious areas and are not useful for industrial agriculture. However, deliberate human persecution has reduced the species' range to about one-third, because of livestock predation and fear of wolf attacks on humans. maned wolf (chrysocyon brachyurus) with captured bird on a meadow, captive, germany - maned wolf stock pictures, royalty-free photos & images Zoro, a seven month old Maned Wolf pup, makes his first public appearance at Edinburgh Zoo. [citation needed], Israel has a stable population of 150 protected wolves. [33], Liechtenstein has reported one wolf, possibly dispersing from Switzerland. This is a slight decline from March 2019 when there had been 15. [41]:386, The decline of North American wolf populations coincided with increasing human populations and the expansion of agriculture. It was only in 2003 that the wolf received the status of a game species. [97] On January 14, 2009, the United States Department of the Interior removed the Canadian gray wolf from the Endangered Species List in every American state except Wyoming. [32] Wolves are afforded protection, and livestock damage compensation is paid by Cantons. [13] The reporting format uses three classes of Conservation Status. [18] In July 2012, for the first time in 150 years, wolves were born in Heidekreis in Lower Saxony, which confirms the spread of wolves from the eastern part of Germany. [47] They have been fully protected in Greenland since 1988. 1930. The gray wolf's decline in the prairies began with the extirpation of the American bison and other ungulates in the 1860s–70s. [8], The gray wolf has been fully protected in Italy since 1976, and now holds a population of over 1,269–1,800. ", "Report on the conservation status and threats for wolf (Canis lupus) in Europe", http://www.daba.gov.lv/upload/File/DOC/SAP_Vilks-08_EN.pdf, https://whatson-kyiv-archive.com/index.php?go=News&in=view&id=4806, "Kvóta lovu vlka dravého pre poľovnícku sezónu 2013/2014", "Pri nas živi okoli 52 volkov, večina na Notranjskem in Kočevskem", "High genetic variability of grey wolf (Canis lupus L.) population from Croatia as revealed by mitochondrial DNA control region sequences", http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/carnivores/pdf/60_Mertzanis_monitoring%20methods%20Greece.pdf, "Tigers and Wolves in the Russian Far East: Competitive Exclusion, Functional Redundancy, and Conservation Implications", "Local villagers' perceptions of wolves in Jiuzhaigou County, western China", http://wolfpreservation.me/2013/09/03/only-2-countries-in-the-middle-east-protect-the-wolf/, "Is Kazakhstan Home to the World's Largest Wolf Population? But on September 23, 2014, wolves in Wyoming are again listed as nonessential experimental population under the Endangered Species Act. [5], Russian wolves have no legal protection and number 25,000–30,000, and are probably increasing in number[5] in some regions, such as Koryak Okrug and Kalmykia. Wolves were extirpated in the Alps by 1800, and numbered only 100 by 1973, inhabiting only 3–5% of their former Italian range. [80] They are increasing in number in all their ranges. Some livestock damage compensation paid. First Nations residents may hunt wolves without restriction, and some provinces require licenses for residents to hunt wolves while others do not. The Sami extirpated wolves in northern Sweden in organized drives. [36][37] In 2019, a genomic study on the wolves of China included museum specimens of wolves from southern China that were collected between 1963 and 1988. We’ll route your inquiry to the proper division and they will respond promptly. No livestock damage compensation is paid. An adult wolf can hold up to 10 kilograms of meat in its stomach, certainly an efficient way to carry food back to the den. The wolf was deemed a threat to ranching, which the Meiji government promoted at the time, and targeted via a bounty system and a direct chemical poisoning campaign inspired by the similar contemporary American campaign. [23] The species was not considered common in northern and central Saudi Arabia during the 19th century, with most early publications citing sources which involved animals either from southwestern Asir, northern rocky areas bordering Jordan, or areas surrounding Riyadh. Wolf reintroduction programs have been instituted where there is suitable wilderness. [53] In 2007, new version of the law on nature conservation introduced compensation for livestock damage, paid by the state.[54]. Home > campaigns > gray wolves > Map: U.S. Gray Wolf Distribution and Habitat. ", "Political controversy over how Norway decides to shoot wolves", "Enlig, strejfende ulv er mÃ¥ske set i Nationalpark Thy", "Midlertidig kompensationsordning for skader forvoldt af ulv", "Danskfødte ulve er udvandret til Tyskland", "Issittup amarua nunatsinni immikkuullarissuusoq", "Amaqqut Kalaallit Nunaanni eqqissisimatinneqarnissaat pillugu Namminersornerullutik Oqartussat nalunaarutaat nr. Reintroduced Mexican wolves in Arizona and New Mexico are protected under the ESA and, as of late 2002, number 28 individuals in eight packs. In Bavaria, the last wolf was killed in 1847, and had disappeared from the Rhine regions by 1899. Furthermore, the decline in the moose populations has reduced the wolf's food supply. Wolves in Hungary occurred in only half the country around the start of the 20th century, and were largely restricted to the Carpathian Basin. [42] In 2013, three different lone wolves were observed in Denmark. The gray wolf is found in approximately 80% of its historical range in Canada, thus making it an important stronghold for the species. A few Slovakian wolves disperse into the Czech Republic, where they are afforded full protection. The Scandinavian wolf populations owe their continued existence to neighbouring Finland's contiguity with the Republic of Karelia, which houses a large population of wolves. Wolves living in the southern Negev desert are contiguous with populations living in the Egyptian Sinai and Jordan. The geographical distribution of grey wolves (Canis lupus) in China: a systematic review[J]. [32] The wolf survives throughout most of its historical range in Saudi Arabia, probably because of a lack of pastoralism and abundant human waste. In Wolves in Slovakia, Ukraine and Croatia may disperse into Hungary, where the lack of cover hinders the buildup of an autonomous population. Today larger contiguous populations only exist in the Balkans and in Eastern Europe. Description: … image caption A map showing the distribution of wolf populations throughout Europe I stop at the Inverness Museum to meet Cait McCullagh, archaeologist and curator. Fish and Wildlife Service for the Red Wolf Recovery Program, a captive breeding program. Wolves do not seem to be able to adapt as readily to expanding civilisation the way coyotes do. If you look at both France and Italy, as well as Greece, Romania, Bulgaria, and Croatia, it seems that wolves are making their comeback in mountainous areas. [7] Wolves are considered a game species, though they are protected in the southern regions of the country, and in February 2021, a hunting ban was enacted in the rural North as well. [8], Although wolf-dog hybridization in Europe has raised concern among conservation groups fearing for the gray wolf's purity, genetic tests show that introgression of dog genes into European gray wolf populations does not pose a significant threat. There is also a $3,000 fine for hunting wolves. The species is not protected, and only insured livestock receives compensation. Wolf distribution is the species distribution of the wolf (Canis lupus). In addition, the Mexican wolf (Canis lupus baileyi) was reintroduced to Arizona, New Mexico, and the Sierra Madre Occidental in Mexico in 1998. [25] Following the two world wars the Soviet wolf populations peaked twice, with 30,000 wolves being harvested annually out of a population of 200,000 during the 1940s, and 40,000–50,000 harvested during peak years. The gray wolf received Endangered Species Act (ESA) protection in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan in 1974, and was reclassified from endangered to threatened in 2003. [5], Uzbekistan has a stable population of 2,000 wolves, which are unprotected. The extirpation of wolves in Ireland followed a similar course, with the last wolf believed to have been killed in 1786. [99] [5] In 1934, Nazi Germany became the first state in modern history to place the wolf under protection, though the species was already extirpated in Germany at this point. [5], In Belgium and the Netherlands wolves were spotted in several locations in 2011. Thanks, we’re glad to hear from you. [27] In British-ruled India, wolves were heavily persecuted because of their attacks on sheep, goats and children. [5], Slovenia has a stable population of 40–60 wolves. The wolves' communication skills are very important to the pack's survival. Map of European wolf distribution showing wolf samples (n = 177) and population clusters detected using 67K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park, "Europe is a Great Place to be a Large Meat-Eater", Censo Regional de Lobo ibérico (Canis lupus) en la Comunidad de Castilla y León 2012-2013, "Spain's wolf-hunting ban sparks bitter debate in rural north", Wolves: From Brink of Extinction to the Edge of the City, Wolf Song of Alaska: France's Bardot Demands EU Action on Wolf Cull, "Wolfswelpen in Munster tappen in Fotofalle", "Wolfsterritorien in Deutschland; Zusammenfassung nach Bundesländern", "Wolf caught on camera trap in Belgium – Video", Wolf found in northern Belgium, first time in over 100 years, "DNA analysis confirms wolf killed sheep in Niederanven", "How many wolves are there in the Norwegian wild?